Two-piece cap flashing



Oct. 21, 1958 I H. P.'ORTH ETAL 2,856,871

, TWO-PIECE CABFLASHING Filed June 14, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet l Arrow/ Oct.21, 1958 H. P. ORTH ETAL TWO-PIECE CAP FLASHING Filed June 14, 1954 \3Sheets-Sheet 2 'oct- 1958 H. P. ORTH ETAL 2,856,871

TWO-PIECE CAP FLASHING Filed June 14, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 PatentedOct. 21, 1 958 TWO-PIECE CAP FLASHING Herbert -P. Orth, Haven-town, Pa,and Anthony F. Dawqnkas, Westmoreland, N. Y., assignors to KeystoneFlashing Company, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of PennsylvaniaApplication June 14, 1954, Serial No. 436,411 4 Claims. (CL Hid-26)"flashing.

two-piece cap flashing ordinarily comprises a receiver and an insert.The receiver consists of a top panel that is embedded in the masonrystructure of the parapet wall and to the outer free edge of which isintegrally joined a downwardlyextending facing. integrally joined to thelower edge of this facing is .aninverted U-shaped channel structurewhich receives the upper edge of the insert or counter flashing. Thisinsert has a main body portion that extends downwardly and overlaps theroof base flashing which is continued up the side of the parapet wall anapiprec'iable distance. In some instances this roofing is of sheetmetal. However, in the majority of cases it is of asphalt, being. abuilt-up construction of multi-layer thickness with the thicknessesvarying with different roofs. Thus, in some cases the roofing materialproper might consist of a single layer of sheet metal, while in othercases it comprises several integrated layers of roofing material.

With the arrangement which prevailed before the adv'entofthis invention,the insert or counterflashing consists ofnothing morethan a straightpiece of sheet metal with the upper edge being received in the channelof 'thereceiver and the remainder extending downwardly in overlappingrelation with respect to the roofbase flashing. This arrangementpresents several disadvantages. In the first instance, it is diflicultto obtain a good watertight seal between the insert and the roofingmaterial. Moreover, there is nothing in the construction of the capflashing itself which accommodates roofs a various thicknesses. Thus ithas been the usual practice to r' on to malletting, or some other metaldeforming oporation to achieve a snug engagement of the insert with "thero'oiing'rriaterial. Then again,'when the roofing material approachesthe maximum thickness employed there is a tendency forthe insert'tospring outwardlyand destroy the seal.

With the foregoing conditions in mind, the present invention hasin viewas a highly important objective the provision of a two-piece capflashing which is so designed and co'nstructed'as to always exert ayielding tendency to urge the lower edge of the insert inwardly againstthe roofing material. In attaining this end a receiver is employedhaving the usual top .panel that is embedded in the masonry wall,together with the downwardly extending facing which carries the invertedU-shaped channel. This channel structure includes an outer channel wallthat is disposed at an angle with res'pect to the top panel. The channelstructure also includes an inner channel wall to the lower edge of whichis integrally joined an anchoring flange. The insert'cornprises avertically extending locking flange that is received in the channel ofthereceiver with the upper edgeportion th'ereof being forced towards theouter channel wallby the anchoring flange of the receiver.integrally-joined to the lower edge of this locking flange andextendingoutwardl-Y and downwardly is a cap portion which is intended tobridge or span the several layers of material in the roof base flashingand terminatesat a point spacedfrom the exposed face of the roof baseflashing. Integrallyjoined to the lower edge of this cap portionandextending downwardly and inwardly is a mainbody portion or apronwhich is continued downwardly and inwardly suflicie'ntly far so that itseffective lower edge lies within andspaced from the plane of the lockingflange.

' tempt has been made to provide an interlocking between the insert andthe receiver but the arrangements heretofore provided have notprovensatisfactory because of certain basic defects, 'It may be statedas a general rule that if a device of this type is tobe practicaltheinsert must-be susceptible of being snapped into thereceiver toestablish the interlock. In the known devices of this type, this snapaction is accommodated by tongues, or

comparable structure, onthe insert yielding, under the theory that theywill snap back into eflective locking position-after they have passedthe lockingflange-onthe receiver. However, there issuch a small amountof metal present in these tongues, and this is inevitably true, in

many cases, the desired resilient or elastic action will not take place.

With the foregoing conditions in mind, another highly important objectof this invention is to provide, in a. twopiece cap flashing of thecharacter indicated, an interlock of the snaptype in which all theresiliency elasticity and yielding action takes place-in the receiverrather than in the insert. Thus, in the receiver the anchoring flange isspaced an appreciabledistance from the inner channel wall so that it mayflex inwardly towards this inner channel wall, Moreover, the innerchannel wall itself is susceptible of elastic movement relative to theouter channel wall and the outer channel wall itself can move relativeto the facing. e

In achieving this object the locking flange of the insert is providedwith spaced so-called thumbnail projections. These projections areformed by slitting the metal at the places indicated and deforming themetal above the slits into the shape of a thumbnail. This shape has someof the characteristics of a wedge so that as the locking flange isinserted between the anchoring flange and outer channel wall of thereceiver the thumbnail projections function as a wedge to spreadtheanchor ing flange and outer channel wall and thus permit thethumbnail projections to be moved past the upper edge of the anchoringflange after which the latter, due to its inherent resiliency andelasticity, springs back into effective locking :position in which itsedgeengages 'the lower edges of the thumbnail projections.

Another important object of this invention to .provide, in a two-piececap flashing of the type indicated, a receiver in which the upper edgeportion of the anchoring flange is formed as an outer extending inclinedlip. This structure presents certain advantages. In the first instanceit adds rigidity to the structure of the anchoring flange. Secondly, iteliminates any wavyness which might 3 be created when the receiver takesthe form of a keyed thru-wall flashing. And finally, it presents theedge at the angle most advantageous for engaging the lower edges of thethumbnail projections.

Under conditions of actual construction the receiver is installed insections. Likewise the insert is of sectional construction. This meansthat in actual installation an insert spans or bridges the joint betweenadjacent sections of the receiver. Such an arrangement obviouslyrequires that the channels in these sections of the receiver beaccurately aligned so that the interlock is properly estab lished Thus,another highly important object the invention is to provide new andimproved means for aligning adjacent sections of the receiver as theyare installed in a masonry wall. In carrying out this objective thefacing at one end of each receiver is continued out beyond the channelstructure in a tapered or wedge shaped formation. The top panel iscontinued out a corresponding distance. This structure in the face formsa guide tongue which is received immediately behind the facing of thenext adjacent section.

Various other more detailed objects and advantages of the invention,such as arise in connection with carrying out the above-noted ideas in apractical embodiment, will in part become apparent and in part behereinafter stated as the description of the invention proceeds.

- The invention, therefore, comprises a two-piece cap flashingconsisting essentially of a receiver and an insert, with the receiverand insert having the structural features whereby a bead at the loweredge of the insert is constantly urged inwardly against the roof baseflashing by the engagement of the locking flange at the upper edge ofthe insert in the channel of the receiver, together with a new andimproved interlock between the receiver and insert, and a guide tonguefor aligning the channels of adjacent sections of the receiver.

For a full and more complete understanding of the invention, referencemay be had to the following descriptions and accompanying drawingswherein:

Figure 1 is a perspective view illustrating a portion of parapet wallroof base flashing and cant with the twopiece cap flashing, of thisinvention, installed .to seal the upper edge of the roof or baseflashing.

Figure 2 is a vertical section through the wall, base flashing ofroofing material and two-piece cap flashing.

Figure 3 is a view in front elevation of the insert per se. Figure 4 isa view in end elevation of the insert.

Figure 5 is a top plan view of the receiver per se.

Figure 6 is a view in front elevation of the receiver per se.

Figure 7 is a transverse vertical section taken about on the planerepresented by the line 77 of Figure 6 through the receiver.

Figure 8 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the first step of insertingthe locking flange of the insert into the channel of the receiver.

Figure 9 is a similar view of an intermediate position showing theanchoring flange as forced into spaced relation with respect to theouter channel wall by the thumbnail projections.

Figure 10 is another view similar to Figure 8 and 9 showing the positionof the parts after the interlock has been established.

Figure 11 is a perspective view illustrating end portions of adjacentsections of the receiver in spaced relation and prior to establishmentof the interlock therehetween.

Figure 12 is a perspective view depicting the two sections of thereceiver with the keys interlocked; and

Figure 13 is a detailed vertical section taken about on the planerepresented by the line 13-13 of Figure 12.

Referring now to the drawings, and first more particularly to Figures 1and 12, a parapet wall is therein illustrated and referred to in itsentirety by the reference r I j 4 character P. This wall P ordinarilycomprises bricks 10 which are secured together in the conventionalmanner by mortar 11. Extending inwardly from one side of the parapetWall E is a. roof supporting structure such as represented at 12.Ordinarily a cant 13 is included in the construction. As shown in Figure1, a piece of roofing material 14, which in the single layerconstruction illustrated, would ordinarily be of sheet metal, overlapsthe roof 12 and cant 13 and extends along the inner face of the wall Pabove the corner piece to provide the roof base flashing. As shown inFigure 2, roofing material M; which is an integrated multi-layerstructure of asphalt, is substituted for the single layer 14 ofFigure 1. in both cases the problem is to provide an effective waterseal at the upper edge of the roof base flashing whether it be thesingle layer 14- cf Figure 1 or the integrated multi-layer constructionof Figure 2. For this purpose the two-piece cap flashing of thisinvention is provided.

This two-piece cap flashing comprises a receiver which is referred to inits entirety by the reference character R and which is shown in detailin Figures 5, 6 and 7 and an insert which is identified in its entiretyby the reference character I and which is shown in detail in Figures 3and 4.

Before describing the receiver R which is illustrated in Figures 5, 6and 7, it is to be clearly understood that this receiver may be either akeyed thru-wall flashing of the so-called saw-tooth type, asillustrated, as well as other type of keyed flashing or may be a flatpanel construction which is commonly used when the receiver does notextend entirely through the Wall. Referring now more particularly toFigures 5, 6 and 7, the receiver R is shown as comprising a top panel 15which, together With the other parts now to be described, is made of anappropriate sheet metal such as copper of appropriate thickness.

Formed on the inner edge of this top panel 15 is a hook dam 16 which, asis clearly illustrated in Figure 7, comprises a flange that is bentbackwardly beyond degrees into an acute return angle. Integrally joinedto the outer edge of the top panel 15 is a facing 17 and it is importantto note that this joinder is effected by a bend 18 of wide radius.Integrally joined to the lower edge of the facing 17 by a bend 19 is anouter channel wall 20. This outer channel wall 20 is integrally joinedto an inner channel wall 21 by a top channel bend 22. An anchoringflange 23 is integrally joined to the lower edge of the inner channelWall 21 by a bend 24. The upper edge of this anchoring flange 23 isturned outwardly to form a lip 25.

Keys shown at 26 extend transversely throughout the entire structure.Thus these keys 26 appear in the hook dam 16, top panel 15, bend 18,facing 17, bend 19, outer channel wall 20, bend 22, inner channel wall21, bend 24, anchoring flange 23 and lip 25. They serve to provide agood bond between the top panel 10 and mortar 11. At the same timeinsuring level drainage channels to the front.

As illustrated in Figure 6, the facing 17 is continued out at therighthand side beyond the channel structure and has an inclined edge 27which defines a guide tongue 28. The top panel 10 has a comparableextent. The upper portion of the top panel 15, above the guide tongue27, is formed with an undercut key 29 which interlocks with a similarkey 30 at the other end of the next adjacent section of receiver. Thisbeing clearly illustrated in Figure 11. It is to be understood that thekeys 29 and 30 are present even when the flat type of flashing isemployed and the keys 26 omitted. The purpose of the keys 29 and 30 isto interlock two adjacent sections of the receiver and at the same timeprovide an effective water dam that inhibits longitudinal travel ofwater along the top face of the panel 15.

With the receiver R installed in a parapet wall, it is intended that theinner channel wall be substantially asea'sri vertical and in face-tofac'e engagement with the outer face of the parapet wall. This isimportant for reasons later'to become apparent.

Referring now more particularly to Figures 3 and 4, the insert I "isshown as including a locking flange 31. This locking flange 31 is formedat spaced intervals with inwardly extending so-called thumbnailprojections 32. The projections 32 are formed by slitting the "metalalong a line such as indicated at 33 and then'de'forming the metalinwardly above these slits in the manner depicted. Integrally joined tothe lower edge of thelocking flange 31 and extending outwardly anddownwardly is a cap portion 34. This cap portion has an extentsufficient to bridge or span the multi-layer roofing mateterial M of theroof base flashing regardless of its thiolc- I ness, with the 'loweredge of the cap still being spaced at least some distance from theouter-most layer of the roof base flashing.

Integrally joined to the lower edge of the cap 34 andextending inwardlyand downwardly is a main body portion or apron 35; Referring now moreparticularly to Figure 4, the plane of the locking flange 31 isrepresented by the broken line 36. It will be noted that the main bodyportion or apron 35 is continued downwardly and inwardly sufficientlyfar so that its lower edge lies on the inner side of the line 36, whichis representative of the plane of the locking flange 31. The lower edgeportion of the apron 35 is formed with an outwardly opening V-shapedgroove 37, which, by its formation in the metal presents an inner bead38. It i this head 38 which is urged into sealing engagement with theroofing material by the resiliency of the metal in the channel structureof the receiver as rendered effective on the locking flange 31.

Referring now more particularly to Figures 8, 9 and 10, it will be notedthat with the receiver R and insert I disassembled the lip25 of theanchoring flange 23 engages the outer channel wall 20. As the lockingflange 31 of the insert is inserted between the anchoring flange 23 andouter channel wall 20, the thumbnail projections 32 function as a wedgeand serve to spread and separate the anchoring flange 23 from the outerchannel wall 29. This condition is clearly depicted in Figure 9.

As the upward movement is continued the thumbnail projections 32 finallyclear the top edge of the lip 25 after which the inherent resiliency ofthe metal in the bends 24 and 22 causes the lip 25 to engage the innerface of the locking flange 331;. Thus this edge of the lip 25 is inabutting engagement with the lower edges of the thumbnail projections 32to prevent withdrawal of the insert.

It will be noted that the combined effect of the lip 25 forcing upperedge portion of the locking flange 331 towards the outer channel wall20, coupled with the tendency of the lower edge of this wall to act as afulcrum, the tendency is to rotate the insert in a clockwise direction(speaking with reference to the showing of the drawings) to urge thebead 38 inwardly into engagement with the roofing material.

While a preferred specific embodiment of the invention is hereinbeforeset forth, it is to be clearly understood that the invention is not tobe limited to the exact constructions, materials and designs illustratedand described because various modifications of these details may beprovided in putting the invention into practice within the purview ofthe appended claims.

What is claimed is:

. 1. In a two-piece cap flashing, a receiver comprising a top panel, afacing angularly disposed to said panel and integrally joined to oneedge thereof, an outer chann'el wall integrally joined to the lower edgeof said facing by a bend, an inner channel wall integrally joined tosaid outer wall by a top bend, said channel walls providing a downwardlyopening channel substantially normal to said top panel an anchoringflange integrally joined to 6 the lower edge of said "inner wallby-a'bend, an insert having a locking flange received in said channelandi'n en a ement with said =outerwal1,;sa it1 anchoring flan e engagingthe upper p'ortio'n'of said locking "flangeto force the lattertowards-said outer channel wall, an outwardly and downwardly extendingcap portion integrally joined to the lower edge of said lockingflangaand aninwardly anddownwar'dly extending apron integrally joined to'the lower "edge of said cap portion, the lower edge (if said apronbeing 'spacedTro'm and "disposed on the inner side of the plane of saidlockingflange.

2. In a two-piece cap "flashing, afsectiOn of areceiver that is intendedto be 'join'edto adjacent sections, said receiver section comprising a"top panel, a *fafci'ng 'a'ng'ularly disposed to said'panl andintegrally joinedtoan edge thereof, cl1annel."structure integrallyjoined 'to the lower edge of said facing and presenting -aewnward yopening channel substantially normal to "saidtop "panel, said. top paneland 'facingbeing continued out beyond the channel structure 'at one'endof th'esecti'o'n with the facing being gradually diminished to; form aguide :tohgue that is adapted to be fittectinsilie the facing of-thenearedjacent section to align the channel structure of said sections, aninsert having a locking flange received in said channel and inengagement with the lower edge of the outer wall thereof, a flangeincluded as a part of said receiver and engaging said locking flange toforce the latter towards said outer channel wall, an outwardly anddownwardly extending cap portion integrally joined to the lower edge ofsaid locking flange and an inwardly and downwardly extending apronintegrally joined to the lower edge of said cap portion, the lower edgeof said apron being spaced from and disposed on the inner side of theplane of said locking flange.

3. In a two-piece cap flashing, a receiver comprising a top panel, afacing disposed at an angle to said top panel and joined thereto by abend, an outer channel wall underlying said facing in spaced relationthereto and integrally joined to the lower edge of said facing by abend, an inner channel wall opposite to and spaced from said outerchannel wall and integrally joined thereto by a top bend, said channelwalls providing a downwardly opening channel substantially normal tosaid top panel, and an anchoring flange integrally joined to the loweredge of said inner channel wall by a bottom bend and having a portionextending upwardly between said channel walls, said anchoring flangehaving a free edge that is normally urged towards said outer channelwall by said top and bottom bends; and an insert having a locking flangeinserted between said channel walls, an outwardly and downwardlyextending cap portion integrally joined to the lower edge of saidlocking flange, and an inwardly and downwardly extending apronintegrally joined to the lower edge of said cap portion, the lower edgeof said apron being spaced from and disposed on the inner side of theplane of said locking flange, said locking flange engaging the bend atthe bottom of said facing as a fulcrum and being engaged along a linespaced above said fulcrum by a free edge of said anchoring flange toforce the upper portion of said locking flange outwardly under theinfluence of the resiliency and elasticity of said top and bottom bends,with said fulcrum being urged inwardly by the bend joining said paneland facing whereby the lower edge of said apron is urged inwardlyagainst a roof base flashing with which the two-piece cap flashing isinstalled.

4. In a two-piece cap flashing, a receiver comprising a top panel, afacing disposed at an angle to said top panel and joined thereto by abend, an outer channel wall underlying said facing in spaced relationthereto and integrally joined to the lower edge of said facing by abend, an inner channel wall opposite to and spaced from said outerchannel wall and integrally joined thereto by a top bend, said channelwalls providing a downwardly opening channel substantially normal tosaid top panel,

and an anchoring flange integrally joined to the lower edge of saidinner channel wall by a bottom bend and having a portion extendingupwardly between said chan nel walls, said anchoring flange having afree edge that is spaced from said top bend and normally urged towardssaid outer channel wall by said top and bottom bends; and an inserthaving a locking flange inserted between said channel walls, anoutwardly and downwardly extending cap portion integrally joined to thelower edge of said locking flange, and an inwardly and downwardlyextending apron integrally joined to the lower edge of said cap portion,the lower edge of said apron being spaced from and disposed on the innerside of the plane of said locking flange, said locking flange engagingthe bend at the bottom of said facing as a fulcrum and being engagedalong a line spaced above said fulcrum by a free edge of said anchoringflange to force the upper portion of said locking flange outwardly underthe influence of the resiliency and elasticity of said top and bottombends, with said fulcrum being urged inwardly by the bend joining saidpanel and facing whereby the lower edge of said apron is urged inwardlyagainst a roof base flashg 1 ing with which the two-piece cap flashingis installed, said locking flange being formed with spaced thumbnailprojections of wedge-like formation having rounded points at the top andcurved edges at the bottom, said locking flange with said projectionsbeing adapted to have been inserted between said anchoring flange andsaid outer channel wall whereby said thumbnail projections functioned aswedges to separate said anchoring flange and outer channel wall so thatsaid projections rode past the free edge of said anchoring flange andcatch thereon.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,726,500 Norris Aug. 27, 1929 2,021,883 Berg Nov. 26, 1935 2,105,996Byers Jan. 18, 1938 2,250,548 Ness July 29, 1941 2,271,710 Orth Feb. 3,1942 2,469,840 Orth May 10, 1949 2,641,203 Coleman June 9, 1953

